Fifth Gear Honda FCX Clarity road-test

One of the first things I ever wrote about on Geek-Speak was Hydrogen fuel cell cars, revisiting the subject to explore how a Hydrogen fuel cell works. I have a soft spot for new and innovative technology in cars, and alternative fuels fascinate me… I’ll admit that it’s not so much because of their green credentials, but because they represent great advances in engineering.

UK motoring show Fifth Gear has been testing Honda’s fuel cell car, the FCX-Clarity, and put it on their Web TV feed. I admit that this video is a little older than most of the stuff I’d post (it’s from early December), but here we go anyway:

Embedding of this video has been disabled by request, but you can still watch it on YouTube

So, what do you think of it? The car looks pretty big, but when I tested the Insight I was struck by how big that looked too. Somehow, though, it felt small and easy to drive. I love the fact that the Clarity has zero emissions which, at the moment, means you won’t pay car tax on it in the UK, nor will you pay congestion charge.

Downsides? I guess there’s infrastructure – Hydrogen filling stations aren’t exactly widespread at the moment. There’s also the fact that at some point, somewhere, energy must be expended to generate pure hydrogen and the solar idea isn’t really going to work here in Scotland. Perhaps tidal or hydro-electric power though?

I’d love to know what you think about this – and what you think about the prospect of alternative fuels in general. Tell us your thoughts in the comments.

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Road Test: Honda Insight Hybrid

Honda’s new Insight is the second hybird car to bear that name, although you’d be forgiven for having missed the original (it was out in 1999). This Insight aims to make hybrid cars cheaper, bringing them to a wider market. Honda were kind enough to let me road test one, so how did it go?

Before we get into how the Insight is to drive, let me give you what I think is the most important statistic… fuel economy. After a week of mixed driving – town, country roads, motorway – the average fuel economy was 50mpg. Not at all shabby given that my usual car averages about 35mpg. I was determined not to be too careful with the fuel economy as I wanted to know how it would react when driven in a normal way, and I have to say I’m quite impressed with those figures. So it’s efficient, but what else?

Preparing for takeoff...

Preparing for takeoff...

Looking at the exterior the Insight is quite striking. It’s low and has a swept back look which actually makes it look longer than it is. That can make you think it would be a bit cumbersome to drive or park but once you’re inside you realise that’s not the case. The interior is a very pleasing place to be with plenty of room for passengers in the back even when the driver is stretching out in front, but the first thing that struck me when I got into the driver’s seat is that I almost felt like I was preparing to pilot the USS Enterprise! The console… sorry, dashboard, glows pleasingly and just feels very high tech.

There’s plenty of information on hand too, a gauge tells you whether the Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) is using the electric motor to drive the car or recovering energy to recharge the battery. The central rev counter also houses the trip computer that can tell you how many “plants” you’ve got (an indication of how economically you’ve driven during this trip), how hard you’ve been accelerating and braking, and all the usual stuff like fuel economy, temperature etc. The setting I tended to leave it on, purely because I was being a geek, was the energy flow diagram. This tells you whether the engine is running and whether the battery is being drained or charged. Looking at the speedometer, it’s a digital readout but the background changes colour depending, again, on how efficiently you’re driving. All this information is great, but a little overwhelming to start with – I eventually learned to tune some of it out and just concentrate on driving, but if you wanted to you could spend the whole time reading the dashboard instruments (that’s not recommended, by the way – try looking out of the big window a bit more often).

There's plenty of information to hand, and the colour-changing speedometer indicates how efficiently you're driving

There's plenty of information to hand, and the colour-changing speedometer indicates how efficiently you're driving

Let’s come back to the speedometer. The changing colours are a great indicator of your driving style and, if you’re being particularly careful with your fuel, actually help you squeeze every last mile out of the tank. The only thing I’d add would be the ability to customise the colours. Why? Well, I quite liked the blue and would choose that to be the “good” colour if I had the chance. It wouldn’t add anything to the efficiency of the car, but it would be a rather nice toy to play with!

Can you tell I like the gadgets?

Driving the Insight is a strange mix of the very familiar (it is a car, after all) and the new. As soon as you turn the ignition the petrol engine kicks in which, whilst a little surprising, at least means you’re less likely to have someone walk out behind you in the supermarket car park. When coasting at low speeds the engine shuts off its cylinders and the electric motor maintains the car’s speed, making the car quiet and, of course, efficient. Put your foot down again and the engine sparks back into life to give you the extra oomph you need. Whilst you can leave the model I had in automatic, there are also a pair of paddle shifters for temporarily changing up and down a gear, or you can switch to a sequential gearbox which will let you do all the gear-changing yourself. The slightly scary bit comes when you stop at a junction… the engine cuts out altogether which made me think I’d stalled it more than once. As soon as you take your foot off the brake, though, the engine’s back and ready to go. The ride is good, dealing well with the plethora of speed bumps our local council has installed without feeling like I was going to end up with a back injury. The steering is light and the pedals very responsive – especially the brake.

The 400l boot and extra 8l storage bin ensure there is plenty of room for your luggage

The 400l boot and extra 8l storage bin ensure there is plenty of room for your luggage. Boot shown here with the floor in lowered position.

Taking the Insight out onto country roads is great, although you’re likely to spend a lot of time with the speedometer glowing blue! There’s plenty of power to deal with hills, amazing when you consider that it only has a 1.3l engine, and and it certainly handles well enough to give you confidence on winding roads. The only downside to country driving was the engine noise, but we’ll come to that shortly. Motorway driving is just as you’d expect it to be – I would have no qualms about going on a long journey in this car. There’s plenty of room in the boot for all your luggage; 400l, with an extra 8l storage bin. The boot floor can also be lowered to give you a little more room.

There are a few niggles with this car, though. The biggest is that engine noise. At town driving speeds the Insight is quiet and smooth… all is well with the world… but when you put your foot down for, say, overtaking or joining a motorway, the engine revs right up as if it’s having to work very hard to get the required power. The car never actually feels like it’s struggling – quite the opposite, it feels as if there’s plenty of power – but it sounds as if it’s having to put in a lot of effort. Whilst I saw this as a quirk I could live with (although it did feel a bit embarrassing when overtaking sometimes), my wife was put off by it to the point where it would make her think twice about having an Insight.

The second niggle is the rear window. It’s large enough, but is made up of two panels of glass with a support beam in between. The beam was in just the right place to hide any cars that were coming up behind until they were very close. Obviously different drivers will have different seat positions, but I was surprised more than once to find someone behind me I could have sworn wasn’t there a moment ago.

Finally, the car’s “skin” which when tapped sounds very tinny – almost as if the aluminium panels were very, very thin. This is weird, though, because when you’re inside the car it’s all very well built and feels of very high quality.

The real question for me is, “would I have this car?” Yes, I would. I’d be more than happy to drive an Insight and Honda have done a good job at making hybrid technology slightly more affordable. Despite there being some niggles this feels like a quality car and, if you’re in the market for a hybrid, it’s certainly worth heading down to your local dealer for a test drive.

Honda Announces CR-Z Hybrid

Hybrid cars divide opinion, but I have to admit that I really do like them… and Honda’s new CEO, Takanobu Ito, has announced that their sporty hybrid concept car will be on sale in Japan by 2010. Sales dates for the UK will be announced later on this year.

The CR-Z will feature technologies to ensure it’s enjoyable to drive whilst also reducing the environmental footprint of the car and, if it looks anything like the concept model, it’s going to look pretty impressive to boot! Honda have set a precedent of sticking with their concept ideas when they released the new Civic (which looks pretty different to anything else and many thought would be toned down dramatically for the production version), so there’s some hope that the final car will actually look like that!

So this adds to Honda’s hybrid range – the Insight (which I will be testing soon), and the Civic. There are also plans to produce a hybrid Jazz and to develop a hybrid system suitable for mid-large vehicles.

Honda CR-Z Hybrid

Honda CR-Z Hybrid

More news on the CR-Z’s UK release date when we get it.

Geek-Speak Recycled: How do fuel cells work?

I’m very sorry to say that I’m suffering from a cold at the moment that seems to have sapped all my energy. So, rather than writing something new that would probably be awful, I hope you’ll enjoy this post from March 2008. Normal service will be resumed shortly :)

Honda FCX

A while back I wrote about fuel cell cars that run on hydrogen rather than ye olde fossil fuels. But I wanted to know how these fuel cells actually work? The hydrogen, presumably, isn’t being “burned” in the normal sense, so what’s going on?

Let’s take a look at that most common of electrical sources, the battery. Batteries usually consist of two metal “poles”, with an acid or salt solution sandwiched between them. The chemical reaction of these components makes electrons collect on the negative (-) terminal of the battery and, when an electrical item is attached to the battery, these electrons are used for power. At the same time, though, the chemical reaction within the battery is continuing, which eventually reduces the difference in charge between the positive (cathode) and negative (anode) poles… and the battery stops producing power.

How about a fuel cell? There are a number of different types of fuel cell, but we’ll look at hydrogen cells here. Fuel cells still work by transferring electrons, but the source of those electrons is different: the electrons are stripped from the hydrogen fuel itself. The fuel cell consists of two catalyst-coated electrodes, separated by a membrane which only allows charged particles to pass through. The two electrodes are also connected to an electrical load, such as a car’s motor. Hydrogen is fed into the cell at one end, where the catalyst prompts the Hydrogen to become positively charged H+. The dropped electron from the Hydrogen is picked up by the electrode (which becomes the negative anode), and used to power the load (i.e. the car). Meanwhile, the positively charged H+ passes through the membrane to the other electrode (the cathode), where it is combined with oxygen from the air, and the returning electrons, to become water.

Fuel Cell Diagram

Fuel-cell flow diagram – click on the image to enlarge

I did wonder what happens when the catalysts are used up, but then I remembered that catalysts, while playing a part in aiding chemical reactions, are not actually used up in them. So the catalysts just sit there, merrily helping to convert the hydrogen to H+, and then into water.

What amazes me about this setup is how none of the components of the fuel cell are used up in the reaction – as long new fuel is fed in, the cell will never go flat!

This type of fuel cell produces a small amount of Direct Current, so several fuel cells are stacked together to get enough power to run something like a car. It obviously works, with the Honda FCX boasting a generating capacity of 100kw.

So the technology works, and it actually seems quite elegant. It is much more efficient than combustion, and much better for the environment. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, and even if we did somehow run out, we could always find a way to extract more from water or hydrocarbons. Not bad, really.

Addemdum: A number of people have pointed out that the hydrogen would take energy to produce, and so the claim that it is good for the environment is debatable. I’ve left the post as was for posterity, but the big challenge for hydrogen cars will be how to create hydrogen cleanly. Perhaps solar power and electrolysis will help… we wait in anticipation.

How do fuel cells work?

Honda FCXA while back I wrote about fuel cell cars that run on hydrogen rather than ye olde fossil fuels. But I wanted to know how these fuel cells actually work? The hydrogen, presumably, isn’t being “burned” in the normal sense, so what’s going on?

Let’s take a look at that most common of electrical sources, the battery.  Batteries usually consist of two metal “poles”, with an acid or salt solution sandwiched between them. The chemical reaction of these components makes electrons collect on the negative (-) terminal of the battery and, when an electrical item is attached to the battery, these electrons are used for power. At the same time, though, the chemical reaction within the battery is continuing, which eventually reduces the difference in charge between the positive (cathode) and negative (anode) poles… and the battery stops producing power.

How about a fuel cell? There are a number of different types of fuel cell, but we’ll look at hydrogen cells here. Fuel cells still work by transferring electrons, but the source of those electrons is different: the electrons are stripped from the hydrogen fuel itself. The fuel cell consists of two catalyst-coated electrodes, separated by a membrane which only allows charged particles to pass through. The two electrodes are also connected to an electrical load, such as a car’s motor. Hydrogen is fed into the cell at one end, where the catalyst prompts the Hydrogen to become positively charged H+. The dropped electron from the Hydrogen is picked up by the electrode (which becomes the negative anode), and used to power the load (i.e. the car). Meanwhile, the positively charged H+ passes through the membrane to the other electrode (the cathode), where it is combined with oxygen from the air, and the returning electrons, to become water.

Fuel Cell DiagramFuel-cell flow diagram – click on the image to enlarge

I did wonder what happens when the catalysts are used up, but then I remembered that catalysts, while playing a part in aiding chemical reactions, are not actually used up in them. So the catalysts just sit there, merrily helping to convert the hydrogen to H+, and then into water.

What amazes me about this setup is how none of the components of the fuel cell are used up in the reaction – as long new fuel is fed in, the cell will never go flat!

This type of fuel cell produces a small amount of Direct Current, so several fuel cells are stacked together to get enough power to run something like a car. It obviously works, with the Honda FCX boasting a generating capacity of 100kw.

So the technology works, and it actually seems very elegant. It is much more efficient than combustion, and much better for the environment. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, and even if we did somehow run out, we could always find a way to extract more from water or hydrocarbons. Not bad, really.

Fuel Cell Cars :: ride into the future

Greenpeace… Friends of the Earth… it’s safe to say they aren’t exactly keen on cars because, in part, cars tend to produce some fairly nasty gasses. So what if cars didn’t do that any more? Well, there would still be the problem of roads taking up countryside space, but it would help a bit, wouldn’t it?

Cue the fuel cell car… car of the future (ta-daaah!)

OK, maybe that was a bit dramatic, but some major manufacturers are now getting close to producing fuel cell cars, and since I’m a sucker for new car designs I thought I’d find out more.

How do they work?
Cars have run on internal combustion engines since their invention. Very simply, combustible fuel is fed into a cylinder and then ignited to give a controlled explosion. This explosion drives a piston which is connected via gears to the drive-shaft, and propels the car. On the positive side, internal combustion engines have been around for a very long time. They work, and they have been the focus of much research to make them as fuel-efficient as possible. On the negative side, however, the burning of all that fuel gives of noxious gasses (the most dangerous being carbon monoxide), soot, some unburnt fuel, and other by-products.

Some car manufacturers (notably Toyota, Lexus, and Honda) have worked to increase the efficiency of their internal combustion engines by combining them with an electric drive system which is recharged either by using the engine itself to drive a generator, or by siphoning off energy when the car is slowing down or coasting.

Fuel cell cars, however, step away from internal combustion altogether. Instead of burning petroleum products, they combine hydrogen with oxygen to produce water and electricity. The biggest advantage of this, then, is that they produce no pollutants and can be described as being “zero emission” vehicles. To be honest, I’m a little hazy on the exact details of fuel cell technology (I plan to look into that and write further in the future), but the basic premise is that water can be separated into Hydrogen and Oxygen by passing electricity through it (electrolysis)… but by reversing the process, combining hydrogen and oxygen into water, electricity is generated instead.

Why are fuel cell vehicles cool?
Ever noticed how clean fuel vehicles usually look like the back-end of a bus? The two fuel cell concept cars I’ve found so far look pretty darned cool if you ask me. The Honda FCX concept has nicely angular lines reminiscent of the latest Civic, although the general curve overall also gives is the look of the Toyota Prius. No matter whether it looks like something else, it’s a good looking car.

Honda FCX Concept Car
Honda FCX Concept

The Morgan Life Car, on the other hand, just looks mental! Modelled on their roadster, the Life Car looks like something straight out of a sci-fi movie and, once again, is good looking in a different kind of way.

Morgan Life Car
Morgan Life Car

Looks aside, though, what else makes these cars cool? Environment credentials? Kind of… Honda are currently exploring the concept of solar refuelling stations, which would turn water into hydrogen using solar power. Imagine, you fill a tank with water in the morning, leave the solar panels on all day while you’re at work, and come home to a tank of hydrogen ready to refuel your car for the next day. Much better than spending £1.10 for a litre of diesel! The only downside I can foresee with this is that hydrogen is extremely flammable, so there had better not be any leaks in the system or you might find your garage has blown up while you were out.

And lastly… fuel cell cars are new and futuristic. OK, so it’s a geeky thing to say, but I would think they’re cool for that alone!

Can I have one?
Not at the minute, no. Morgan are about to launch their concept car at the Geneva Show, and Honda are hoping to go into production in the US and Japan this year (Europe will follow at a later date). So far, there are no details on pricing from either company.